Empirical formula expresses the simplest mole ratio of the elements in a compound or molecule. To determine empirical formula from percent composition, you must first convert the percentage …
What is metallic bonding? Using the “electron sea” model to explain it
Metallic bonding is an attraction between positively charged metal ions and a “sea” of surrounding negatively charged electrons. These valence electrons hold the positive ions together throughout the …
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Percent composition: What is it and how to calculate it from a chemical formula
What factors can affect the energy of an electron inside an atom?
Factors that can affect the energy of an electron inside an atom include: distance, positive charge of the nucleus, electron-electron repulsion, and overlapping of atomic orbitals. We know that the …
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How to prepare a solution from stock solution
A stock or standard solution is a solution in which you accurately know its concentration. You can make stock solutions in the chemistry laboratory or buy from chemical manufacturers. Once you have a …
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What is the shortcut method for assigning oxidation states?
The oxidation bookkeeping method is a reliable way of determining the oxidation number of an atom. However, it usually requires electronegativity values and an electron dot …
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